Poem Analysis - Motto

A Cool Approach to Survival

Langston Hughes's "Motto" is a short, sharp declaration of a personal philosophy. The poem pulses with a casual, almost cynical tone, but beneath the surface lies a pragmatic strategy for navigating the world. The mood is consistent throughout, projecting an air of self-preservation through adaptability and reciprocity. Hughes presents a speaker who has found a way to not only survive, but to thrive by understanding the game and playing it well.

Navigating a World of "Jive"

The poem's context is subtly rooted in the African American experience, though it carries a universal resonance. The use of slang terms like "cool" and "jive" hints at the language and culture of jazz and urban life, a world Hughes frequently explored in his work. In a society marked by inequality, adopting a detached and understanding approach, as suggested in the poem, can be a way to deflect negativity and maintain a sense of self. This adaptability becomes a key element for survival.

The Theme of Reciprocity

One of the central themes is that of reciprocity. The lines "dig and be dug in return" express the belief that understanding and acceptance are essential for one's own well-being. The speaker seems to suggest a social contract: offer respect and understanding, and you will receive the same in return. This idea moves beyond mere tolerance and enters the realm of active participation in a supportive social environment, essential in a world that can often feel hostile.

Survival Through Understanding

Another vital theme is survival through understanding. The speaker states, "That's the reason I stay alive." Understanding the "jive," the deceit, superficiality, or even danger of the world, is presented as a crucial skill. By being aware and "playing it cool," the speaker actively protects themselves from harm and navigates through potentially treacherous situations. This theme suggests a conscious effort to remain observant and adaptable to external forces.

Self-Preservation as a Guiding Principle

The underlying theme of self-preservation weaves through the entire poem. The speaker has chosen a way to interact with the world that allows them to continue living, learning, and experiencing life. It's a practical, almost detached, strategy that prioritizes personal safety and well-being. The poem doesn’t romanticize struggle; instead, it offers a realistic approach to navigating life's challenges.

Decoding the Language of Survival

The poem's central image is the act of "digging." To "dig" can mean to understand, appreciate, or enjoy something. It can also mean to delve into something deeply. In this context, it symbolizes the speaker's attempt to understand the world around them, to "dig" the "jive." The repetition of "dig" reinforces its importance, underscoring the active effort required to understand and navigate the complexities of life. It can also be interpreted to mean an appreciation of all aspects of life both good and bad, and therefore accepting of one's self, and one's circumstances as a means of endurance and perseverance. Is the use of the word "dig" a call to look inward, or an observation of external pressures?

A Philosophy in Miniature

"Motto" is a concise yet powerful statement about navigating the world with awareness and adaptability. Hughes encapsulates a survival strategy rooted in understanding, reciprocity, and self-preservation. The poem’s brevity and casual tone belie its depth, offering a glimpse into a pragmatic philosophy for thriving in a world that often demands a cool head and a keen understanding of the game being played. Ultimately, the poem serves as a reminder that understanding and acceptance are powerful tools for navigating the complexities of life and ensuring one’s own well-being.