Wallace Stevens

Farewell to Florida

Farewell to Florida - context Summary

Departure from Florida

Written for Stevens’s departure from Florida and published in 1937 in The Man with the Blue Guitar and Other Poems, this lyric narrates leaving a sensuous, claustrophobic South for a colder North. The speaker renounces an absorbed "mind" and landscape of palms, reefs, and sand, accepts solitude and urban crowds, and frames the voyage as liberation. It reflects Stevens’s recurring travel between Florida and his Northern life as an insurance executive.

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I Go on, high ship, since now, upon the shore, The snake has left its skin upon the floor. Key West sank downward under massive clouds And silvers and greens spread over the sea. The moon Is at the mast-head and the past is dead. Her mind will never speak to me again. I am free. High above the mast the moon Rides clear of her mind and the waves make a refrain Of this: that the snake has shed its skin upon The floor. Go on through the darkness. The waves fly back II Her mind had bound me round. The palms were hot As if I lived in ashen ground, as if The leaves in which the wind kept up its sound From my North of cold whistled in a sepulchral South, Her South of pine and coral and coraline sea, Her home, not mine, in the ever-freshened Keys, Her days, her oceanic nights, calling For music, for whisperings from the reefs. How content I shall be in the North to which I sail And to feel sure and to forget the bleaching sand ... III I hated the weathery yawl from which the pools Disclosed the sea floor and the wilderness Of waving weeds. I hated the vivid blooms Curled over the shadowless hut, the rust and bones, The trees likes bones and the leaves half sand, half sun. To stand here on the deck in the dark and say Farewell and to know that that land is forever gone And that she will not follow in any word Or look, nor ever again in thought, except That I loved her once ... Farewell. Go on, high ship. IV My North is leafless and lies in a wintry slime Both of men and clouds, a slime of men in crowds. The men are moving as the water moves, This darkened water cloven by sullen swells Against your sides, then shoving and slithering, The darkness shattered, turbulent with foam. To be free again, to return to the violent mind That is their mind, these men, and that will bind Me round, carry me, misty deck, carry me To the cold, go on, high ship, go on, plunge on.

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