Poem Analysis - Best Society

Introduction: A Shifting Perspective on Solitude

Philip Larkin's "Best Society" is a contemplative poem that explores the changing perception of solitude throughout a life. The poem begins with a nostalgic, almost naive view of solitude in childhood, then grapples with the complexities of its desirability and attainability in adulthood, before finally arriving at a resigned embrace of isolation. The tone shifts from innocent recollection to cynical observation and ultimately settles into a quiet, almost defiant acceptance. The poem's strength lies in its honest portrayal of the tension between the desire for connection and the necessity of self-discovery.

The Elusive Nature of Solitude

One of the central themes in "Best Society" is the elusive nature of solitude. In childhood, solitude is presented as an inherent and readily available state: "Something everybody had, / Like nakedness, it lay at hand." This innocent view contrasts sharply with the adult experience, where solitude becomes "more difficult to get / And more desired." Larkin suggests that as we mature, solitude is no longer a given but something we must actively pursue, and yet this pursuit is fraught with contradictions. We crave solitude to understand ourselves, but fear that what we find will be meaningless without external validation. The line "Deprived of solitude, you chafe, / It's clear you're not the virtuous sort," adds a layer of irony. The 'virtuous' are those who don't need solitude. Larkin, however, acknowledges his need, and therefore isn't virtuous in that societal context.

The Paradox of Social Virtue

Another key theme is the paradoxical nature of social virtue and its relationship to solitude. Larkin argues that qualities like love, generosity, and neighborliness are inherently social: "To love you must have someone else, / Giving requires a legatee." He contends that our virtues are defined by our interactions with others, implying that solitude, by its very nature, cannot foster these qualities. However, the poem's final stanza suggests a different perspective. By "viciously" locking his door and embracing solitude, the speaker paradoxically creates the space for self-discovery. This suggests that while social virtues may require others, self-understanding, and perhaps even a unique form of virtue, may require solitude.

Emerging from the Depths: Imagery and Self-Discovery

Larkin uses vivid imagery to convey the experience of solitude and self-discovery. The image of the "gas-fire" breathing and the "wind outside / Ushers in evening rain" creates a sense of confinement and isolation, highlighting the speaker's separation from the outside world. However, it is within this isolation that the speaker finds a sense of support: "Uncontradicting solitude / Supports me on its giant palm." This image suggests that solitude, though initially daunting, can provide a foundation for self-understanding. The final image, comparing the speaker to a "sea-anemone / Or simple snail," is particularly striking. These creatures, known for their solitary existence and slow, deliberate movements, symbolize the cautious and gradual unfolding of the speaker's true self within the protected space of solitude. The poem suggests that, though the process is slow and perhaps even uncomfortable, it is ultimately necessary for authentic self-discovery.

Conclusion: The Value of Unfolding

"Best Society" offers a nuanced exploration of the complex relationship between solitude, self-discovery, and social virtue. While acknowledging the importance of human connection, Larkin ultimately suggests that solitude is essential for understanding oneself. The poem's significance lies in its honest portrayal of the internal conflict between the desire for social acceptance and the need for personal authenticity. By embracing solitude, the speaker finds a space to "unfold" and emerge as his true self, suggesting that the greatest value may lie not in conforming to social expectations, but in understanding and accepting one's own unique nature.