John Ashbery

Cousin Sarahs Knitting - Analysis

Knitting without a pattern

The title promises something homely and knowable: Cousin Sarah, knitting, the steady making of sense stitch by stitch. But the poem immediately refuses that comfort. It begins with accusation and distrust—You keep asking me—and the speaker’s answer is not reassurance but suspicion: Why trust me I think. From there, the poem’s central pressure becomes clear: it stages a mind trying (and failing) to manufacture a reliable story in a world where authority, memory, and even company have thinned out. The “knitting” is what the poem wants to do—bind fragments into continuity—but the yarn keeps slipping, and the speaker keeps catching themself in the act of improvising.

The empty room where advice should be

The most insistent fact in the opening is absence: nobody here, Nobody in the past, Nobody to turn to. This doesn’t read like simple loneliness; it feels like a collapse of reference points. Even the past—normally the place you go for precedent or explanation—has been emptied out. That makes the line Now if you were that nice sting: it’s a conditional wish aimed at someone who may not exist, or may exist only as a role the speaker needs (the listener who is “nice,” the person who asks the right questions, the stable witness).

Against that vacuum, the poem drops in a single odd landmark: A yellow flagpole that rears thoughtfully. A flagpole is supposed to signal belonging—nation, camp, ship, territory—but here it’s just a tall, reflective object, “thoughtful” in the way an inanimate thing becomes when people aren’t dependable. The poem gives us a symbol of public meaning stripped of any flag.

Rescues that prove nothing

The poem keeps offering mini-narratives that look like they should clarify something and then refusing their payoff. The strangest early example is the man pulled from space, as from a shark: rescue imagery mashed with cosmic distance and predator panic. He’s “examined,” then released, and the speaker immediately punctures the whole episode with What does that prove? That question isn’t just rhetorical; it’s the poem’s method. Each time an event arrives with the promise of meaning—capture, inspection, naming—it gets held up and found empty.

Even naming doesn’t stabilize. Someone is called him Old Hickory, then the phrase is shrugged into pure sound: As in hickory. The grand historical ring of a nickname is reduced to wood. And then the poem declares, flatly, none living, as if the very period that might anchor the reference has no survivors to confirm it. The tension here is sharp: the speaker keeps reaching for proof and pedigree, but every gesture toward authority turns into wordplay or extinction.

The forest sideshow and the mercy of shade

Midway through, the poem seems to find a fleeting moral logic in a grim scene: figures out of a sideshow at the edge of a forest are mistreated in proportion, and with time they all grew / into the shade, where for once it seemed / about right. That repeated phrase—It seemed about right—is the poem’s closest thing to satisfaction, but it’s carefully hedged. Not “right,” only “seemed.” Not always, only “for once.”

Still, it matters that the relief comes through shade, not sunshine. The poem’s best comfort is partial cover, dimness, a place where harsh scrutiny eases. When the speaker says, Oh, call down to me, the yearning sounds almost childlike: if someone is up there—on a platform, in a tree, on that earlier flagpole—please speak. The voice wants connection, but it also wants it at a distance, “down” from above, as if direct closeness is too risky.

A turn into procedural chaos: boats, ellipses, misunderstanding

Whatever fragile equilibrium the shade offered doesn’t hold. The poem announces a sag in mood—something of a letdown—and immediately the world fills with coordinated forces: Patrol boats converged. This could be a scene of pursuit, rescue, or state control; the poem won’t decide. It literally breaks off: it was decided that the… The ellipsis isn’t just a stylistic quirk; it enacts a mind losing the thread at the moment institutions enter.

From there, movement replaces explanation: a voyage / upriver continues to the point where it tails off. The destination isn’t a port; it’s a fading. And then, as if the poem must name what keeps happening, it repeats the word: a large misunderstanding, It was misunderstanding, made physical as mudsliding from the side where the thing was let in. That’s a remarkable image of error: not a wrong idea but a leak, a breach, a dirty slide through an opening. Misunderstanding becomes the poem’s weather.

Food as proof of desire, desire as proof of nothing

Just when the poem’s world feels most surveilled and procedural, it swerves into the body: braised goose, and then the startling phrase a longing in the original / loins that came forward to mark you. The tone here is both comic and unsettling. Goose is festive, heavy, domestic—another cousin to “knitting”—but it’s also “all goose,” i.e., nonsense, hot air. The poem manages to say: it’s all ridiculous, and it’s also driven by something ancient and sexual and proprietary. To be “marked” by longing suggests being claimed, tagged, singled out—not by love exactly, but by appetite.

This is one of the poem’s core contradictions: it mocks its own material as “goose,” then admits that desire inside it is real and consequential. The speaker can’t trust the story, but can’t deny the urges that keep generating story.

The confession that the speaker can’t remember—and keeps talking anyway

The late section brings the poem’s psychology into the open: I can’t remember, followed by a rambling anecdote of two chums in an overfed waste land. One gets off at the front; the other wandered for days and daze until it was summer again. Time resets the way a mind resets when it can’t keep records—season replacing sequence. Even the body becomes machinery: organ meat / was punping, a purposely wrong word that makes the pumping feel both visceral and faulty, like a heart you can’t quite spell because you can’t quite own it.

The details keep snapping between the ridiculous and the sharp: the well head, Dixie, your tax accountant, a remaining riviera. These are not random so much as socially saturated—places, slogans, professions, leisure—bits of a world that should be coherent, managed, accounted for. But here they drift past like debris on that upriver voyage.

What if You can keep it is the cruelest line?

Near the end, the speaker seems to give up on transmitting anything: keep it. You can keep it. That could sound generous—take the story, take the burden—but it also sounds like dismissal, even self-protection: if you keep it, I don’t have to be responsible for it. When the poem adds, Granted she has no reputation, it’s as if even the titular “Cousin Sarah” (or whatever she stands for: domestic continuity, family narrative) can’t supply credibility. The speaker offers scattered tokens instead—an eye / here, another clovered savior—as though reputation has been replaced by charms and body parts.

The firemobile as an ending that doesn’t rescue

The last push—they pretend to us, and it was time for the firemobile too—lands on an emergency vehicle that sounds half-invented, like a child’s word for something meant to help. Ending on “time for” makes it feel scheduled, routine, almost theatrical: the rescue arrives because the script says it should. And that circles back to the poem’s opening distrust. The speaker is surrounded by signals—flagpole, patrol boats, nicknames, saviors, firemobiles—but the poem keeps insisting that signals are not the same as trust, and motion is not the same as proof. If this is “knitting,” it’s knitting in the dark: the hands keep working, but the pattern is missing, and the only honest thing the speaker can finally offer is the frayed bundle itself.

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