Poem Analysis - A Bushmans Song

A Celebration of the Independent Bushman

Banjo Paterson's "A Bushman's Song" is a spirited and defiant anthem of the Australian outback. The poem follows a nomadic station hand as he travels across the country in search of work and freedom. Its tone is generally optimistic and resilient, although it incorporates moments of anger and frustration at injustice. The recurring refrain emphasizes the necessity of movement and adaptation in a harsh and rapidly changing landscape.

The Bushman's Code: Independence and Self-Reliance

One of the central themes of the poem is the importance of independence and self-reliance. The bushman rejects any situation that threatens his freedom, whether it's "scab" (non-union) shearing, oppressive landlords, or social expectations of deference. He embodies the quintessential Australian spirit of "having a go," always ready to move on and find his own way. This theme is evident in his repeated decision to "shift" whenever he encounters conditions he deems unacceptable, highlighting his refusal to be tied down or controlled by others.

The Struggle Against Exploitation

Another significant theme is the struggle against exploitation and the defense of workers' rights. The incident at the Marthaguy shearing shed, where the speaker refuses to work alongside Chinese laborers ("dashed Chinamen") because it is non-union and he calls it "scab", reveals a strong sense of solidarity with fellow workers. While the language used reflects the prejudices of the time, the underlying sentiment is a rejection of unfair labor practices. Similarly, his disdain for the Illawarra landlord underscores his resentment towards those who seek to control and exploit the working class. He does not want to be anyone's "dog".

The Allure of the Open Road

The poem also celebrates the allure of the open road and the freedom of movement. The "old jig-jog" becomes a symbol of the bushman's nomadic lifestyle, representing his constant search for opportunity and adventure. The vivid imagery of the "pack-horse runnin' after" and the vast distances he covers emphasizes the boundless nature of the Australian outback and the bushman's deep connection to it. The final stanza, with its promise of "artesian water" and "overlanders with the cattle comin' down," reinforces the sense of endless possibilities and the enduring appeal of the bush.

Symbolism of the Horse and the "Crooked R" Brand

The speaker's "old black horse" is a significant symbol in the poem. More than just a means of transportation, the horse represents the bushman's resilience and connection to the land. The fact that it "takes a lot of beatin'" but still triumphs in the impromptu race suggests the bushman's own ability to overcome hardship. The "crooked R" brand on the horse could symbolize the unconventional and independent nature of both the horse and its rider. It sets the horse apart, just as the bushman distinguishes himself from those who conform to societal expectations. Is the "crooked R" a sign of defiance or simply a marker of ownership?

A Lasting Legacy of Independence

In conclusion, "A Bushman's Song" is a powerful celebration of the independent spirit, the fight against exploitation, and the enduring allure of the Australian outback. Through its vivid imagery, spirited tone, and recurring refrain, the poem captures the essence of the bushman's nomadic lifestyle and his unwavering commitment to freedom and self-reliance. It remains a significant piece of Australian literature, reflecting the values and experiences that have shaped the nation's identity.