Poem Analysis - Its Grand

Introduction: A Sarcastic Look at Australian Life

Banjo Paterson's "It's Grand" is a satirical poem that offers a cynical, almost mocking, portrayal of various aspects of Australian life. The poem's tone is predominantly sarcastic, using the repeated phrase "It's grand" to ironically highlight the hardships and absurdities faced by different groups within Australian society. While the poem begins with rural occupations, it quickly broadens its scope, encompassing political and social commentary, creating a shifting mood between dry humor and bitter resignation.

Historical Context: A Reflection of Hardship

Banjo Paterson (1864-1941) was a prominent Australian bush poet, journalist, and author. He lived through periods of significant economic hardship and social change in Australia. This poem likely reflects the realities of life for many Australians during that era, including struggling farmers, exploited workers, and disillusioned citizens. The references to borrowing "English tin" (money) and the unemployed in the Domain (a public park in Sydney often used by the homeless) point to specific economic and social issues prevalent at the time.

Theme 1: The Illusion of Prosperity

One of the central themes is the illusion of prosperity in Australia. Paterson consistently juxtaposes idealized notions of grandeur with harsh realities. For instance, the squatter's "grand" life is undermined by the sight of dying sheep, while the "cockie" (small farmer) finds his livelihood wiped out by drought. Similarly, the socialist's march to prosperity is only rewarded with a meager "seven bob a day." These stark contrasts expose the gap between the promise of a good life and the often-grim circumstances faced by ordinary Australians.

Theme 2: Political Cynicism

Another significant theme is political cynicism. Paterson directs his satire towards politicians, both ministers and democrats. The minister carelessly directs people to "Inverell" (a remote town), suggesting a lack of concern for their well-being. The democrat, meanwhile, "toadies to the mob," sacrificing integrity for job security. These portrayals paint a picture of a political landscape driven by self-interest and empty promises, breeding disillusionment among the populace.

Theme 3: The Power of Nature and Reliance on Rain

The poem implicitly explores the theme of human dependence on nature, particularly on rain. Throughout the poem, the difficulties faced by various professions, especially those in rural areas, are exacerbated by the lack of it. It all culminates in the final couplet. All the perceived grandeur, all the political maneuvering, all the struggles for survival, pale in comparison to the simple necessity of rain. The concluding lines emphasize the country's fundamental reliance on rainfall for prosperity and well-being, placing it above all other concerns.

Symbolism and Imagery: A Land of Contrasts

The poem uses stark imagery to underscore its themes. The image of "stinking sheep" being shorn highlights the unpleasant reality behind the romanticized view of rural life. The sand burying the "little homestead" symbolizes the overwhelming force of nature and the futility of human effort against it. The "little money-box" that lacks the borrowed money represents economic vulnerability and the illusion of financial stability. The final plea for rain can be seen as a symbol of hope, but also of desperation, highlighting the precariousness of Australian existence.

Conclusion: A Timeless Critique

"It's Grand" remains a relevant and insightful critique of Australian society. While rooted in a specific historical context, its themes of economic hardship, political cynicism, and dependence on nature continue to resonate. The poem's enduring power lies in its ability to use sarcasm and vivid imagery to expose the gap between idealized notions and the realities of everyday life, prompting reflection on the values and priorities of a nation. It serves as a reminder of the challenges faced by ordinary people and the importance of genuine leadership and sustainable practices.