Poem Analysis - Legends

Carl Sandburg's poem Legends presents a series of vignettes that explore the ephemeral nature of fame, the inevitability of loss, and the often-ignored contributions of ordinary people. The tone shifts from somber and reflective to sarcastic and critical, reflecting Sandburg's commentary on societal values and the fleeting nature of glory. The poem's structure, with its distinct sections, allows each vignette to stand alone while contributing to the overall theme.

Themes of Mortality and Loss

The poem repeatedly addresses the theme of mortality and loss. In the first section, Circus Clowns Dying, Sandburg describes the deaths of circus clowns, highlighting the contrast between their public personas and their private ends. The imagery of clowns, who "shock thousands into convulsions of laughter," dying and being arranged by an undertaker, underscores the transient nature of their fame and the finality of death. Similarly, in Steamboat Bill, the sinking of the Robert E. Lee and the deaths of its crew members emphasize the impermanence of human achievements and the inevitability of loss.

Themes of Fame and Anonymity

Sandburg also explores the themes of fame and anonymity. In Profiteer, the speaker contrasts the anonymous sacrifices of young men and their mothers with the public recognition given to a war profiteer. The sarcastic tone in the lines "Why do I sneeze sardonically at a bronze drinking fountain named after one who participated in the war vicariously and bought ten farms?" highlights Sandburg's criticism of those who gain fame and fortune through indirect means while ordinary people make greater sacrifices. This section underscores the disparity between public recognition and the true value of contributions.

Themes of Disillusionment and Criticism

The poem also delves into themes of disillusionment and criticism. In Sevens, Sandburg presents a woman who has had seven husbands and writes about love, but her advice fails to help others find love or happiness. The repetition of the number seven emphasizes the futility of her efforts and the disillusionment of those who follow her advice. This section critiques the idea that experience alone guarantees wisdom or success, and it questions the value of advice that does not lead to meaningful outcomes.

Recurring Symbols and Imagery

The poem features recurring symbols and vivid imagery that contribute to its overall message. The imagery of death and loss, such as the dying clowns and the sinking steamboat, serves as a reminder of the transient nature of life and fame. The contrast between public personas and private realities, as seen in the clowns and the war profiteer, highlights the disparity between appearance and truth. The use of numbers, such as the seven husbands and the ten strong young men, adds a sense of repetition and futility, emphasizing the themes of disillusionment and criticism.

Conclusion

In Legends, Carl Sandburg uses a series of vignettes to explore the themes of mortality, fame, and disillusionment. Through vivid imagery and a shifting tone, the poem critiques societal values and the fleeting nature of glory. The recurring symbols of death, loss, and the disparity between public and private realities contribute to the poem's overall message. Ultimately, Legends offers a poignant reflection on the impermanence of human achievements and the true value of contributions, inviting readers to consider what truly matters in life.