Poem Analysis - Southern Pacific

Initial Impression and Tone

Carl Sandburg's "Southern Pacific" presents a stark and somber reflection on mortality and the legacy of power. The poem's tone is melancholic and introspective, focusing on the final resting places of two influential figures, Huntington and Blithery. The repetition of the phrase "six feet long" underscores the inevitability of death, creating a haunting and reflective mood. The poem's simplicity in form supports its direct and unadorned message about the end of life.

Historical and Authorial Context

Carl Sandburg, an American poet, was known for his works that often explored the lives of ordinary people and the industrial landscape of America. The poem likely references Collis P. Huntington, a prominent railroad magnate of the 19th century, and possibly a fictional or lesser-known figure named Blithery. The poem's setting in the context of the railroad industry reflects Sandburg's interest in the American experience and the impact of industrialization on society.

Themes of Mortality and Legacy

The central theme of "Southern Pacific" is mortality. The repeated phrase "six feet long" symbolizes the finality of death, emphasizing that regardless of one's achievements or status, everyone ultimately meets the same end. The dreams of Huntington and Blithery, which revolve around their professional lives and the power they wielded, highlight the transient nature of earthly accomplishments. The poem suggests that the legacy one leaves behind is fleeting and that true significance may lie elsewhere.

Themes of Power and Subservience

The poem also explores the dynamics of power and subservience. Huntington dreams of "ten thousand men saying: Yes, sir," while Blithery dreams of saying "Yes, sir" to Huntington. This hierarchical relationship underscores the theme of power and control, showing how influence and authority are often measured by the number of people one can command. The dreams of these figures reveal their preoccupation with dominance and the validation it brings, even in death.

Symbolism of the Railroad

The railroad serves as a powerful symbol in the poem, representing progress, industry, and the interconnectedness of America. For Huntington and Blithery, the railroad is a source of **pride and identity**, embodying their contributions to society. However, the poem also suggests that their identities are inextricably linked to their professional achievements, raising questions about the true nature of their legacies. The railroad, once a symbol of their power, now lies dormant, much like the men themselves, highlighting the transient nature of human endeavors.

Final Reflections

In conclusion, "Southern Pacific" by Carl Sandburg offers a poignant meditation on mortality, power, and the enduring legacy of human achievement. Through its stark imagery and repetitive phrasing, the poem underscores the inevitability of death and the fleeting nature of earthly accomplishments. The dreams of Huntington and Blithery, rooted in their professional lives, reveal their deep-seated desire for validation and control. The railroad, a symbol of their contributions, ultimately serves as a reminder of the transient nature of human endeavors. The poem invites readers to reflect on what truly matters in life and the legacy one leaves behind.