Poem Analysis - The Ballad Of East And West

Rudyard Kipling's "The Ballad of East and West" is a narrative poem that explores themes of cultural difference, honor, and respect, set against the backdrop of the British Raj in India. The poem unfolds as a thrilling chase and a surprising encounter, ultimately challenging the rigid boundaries suggested in its opening lines. The tone shifts from one of stark division to one of grudging admiration and finally, to brotherhood. While initially presenting a conflict based on cultural and geographical divides, the poem evolves into a celebration of shared human values, particularly courage and loyalty.

Kipling and the British Raj

While a comprehensive analysis of Kipling's complex relationship with colonialism is beyond the scope of this analysis, it's essential to acknowledge the historical context of the British Raj. Kipling, born in India and deeply influenced by its culture, often wrote about the interactions between the British and the local populations. His perspective, while sometimes problematic in its depiction of colonial power dynamics, also shows a fascination with and respect for the cultures he encountered. "The Ballad of East and West" reflects this duality, initially establishing a clear division between "East" (represented by Kamal and his men) and "West" (represented by the Colonel and his son) but then subverting that division through acts of bravery and mutual recognition of worth.

Transcending Boundaries: The Theme of Shared Honor

A central theme is the idea that honor and respect can transcend cultural divides. This is evident in the encounter between the Colonel's son and Kamal. Despite being enemies, they recognize each other's strength and integrity. Kamal, despite having the upper hand, acknowledges the Colonel's son's bravery, stating, "'Twas only by favour of mine...ye rode so long alive." This acknowledgment of the other's worth lays the groundwork for their eventual understanding. The poem suggests that beneath the superficial differences of culture and geography lies a common ground of shared values, particularly those related to courage, loyalty, and a sense of personal honor. The exchange of gifts—the mare, the riding gear, and Kamal's son—symbolizes this transcending of boundaries and the establishment of a bond built on mutual respect.

The Power of Respect: Fostering Bonds

The poem also explores the theme of how respect fosters relationships. Despite being from different cultural backgrounds, the Colonel's son and Kamal demonstrate a profound respect for each other's capabilities and values. This respect is not merely a passive acknowledgment but an active recognition that leads to a tangible bond. Kamal’s decision to send his son to serve the Colonel’s son demonstrates this. This offering is not just a gesture of goodwill but a commitment to building a lasting relationship, signifying a willingness to bridge the gap between their cultures. The oath of brotherhood, taken "on leavened bread and salt...on fire and fresh-cut sod," is a powerful symbol of their commitment to each other, solidifying the theme that respect is fundamental to building strong and meaningful relationships, even between those from vastly different backgrounds.

Symbolism of the Mare: A Bridge Between Worlds

The red mare serves as a powerful symbol throughout the poem. Initially, she represents a prize of war, a symbol of the Colonel's status and power. However, as the story unfolds, the mare becomes a symbol of connection and reconciliation. Her preference for the Colonel's son, as noted by Kamal ("We be two strong men...but she loveth the younger best"), suggests a natural affinity that transcends cultural boundaries. The mare's journey—stolen from the West, ridden in the East, and ultimately returned as a gift—mirrors the overarching journey of the poem itself, from division to connection. She becomes a living embodiment of the potential for understanding and reconciliation between East and West. Her return, accompanied by lavish gifts, emphasizes the value placed on this newfound connection and the commitment to fostering a lasting relationship.

A Final Reconciliation

"The Ballad of East and West" ultimately argues that while cultural differences may exist, they are not insurmountable. Through the characters of the Colonel's son and Kamal, Kipling illustrates the potential for respect, honor, and shared values to bridge the gaps between seemingly disparate worlds. The poem's enduring message is one of hope, suggesting that even in the face of deeply ingrained cultural divides, understanding and connection are possible when individuals are willing to look beyond superficial differences and recognize the shared humanity that binds them. The final image of the two young men riding together, representing East and West united, offers a powerful and optimistic vision of intercultural relations.