Rudyard Kipling

A General Summary

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Human Nature Unchanged

Kipling satirically argues that human nature and official corruption remain constant from prehistoric times to the present. Through brief scenes—hunter competition, theft of artistic credit, favoritism in monumental projects, and cynical readings of historical rises to power—the poem links individual selfishness to institutional wrongdoing. Its closing assertion that 'as it was in the beginning' these practices endure underscores a bleak, recurring cycle of exploitation and moral continuity across ages.

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We are very slightly changed From the semi-apes who ranged India's Prehistoric clay; He that drew the longest bow Ran his brother down, you know, As we run men down to-tday. "Dowb," the first of all his race, Met the Mammoth face to face On the lake or in the cave: Stole the steadiest canoe, Ate the quarry others slew, Died -- and took the finest grave. When they scratched the reindeer-bone, Some one made the sketch his own, Filched it from the artist -- then, Even in those early days, Won a simple Viceroy's praise Through the toil of other men. Ere they hewed the Sphinx's visage Favouritism governed kissage, Even as it does in this age. Who shall doubt "the secret hid Under Cheops' pyramid" Was that the contractor did Cheops out of several millions? Or that Joseph's sudden rise To comptroller of Supplies Was a fraud of monstrous size On King Pharaoh's swart Civilians? Thus, the artless songs I sing Do not deal with anything New or never said before. As it was in the beginning Is to-day official sinning, And shall be for evermore!

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