Poem Analysis - Jubal And Tubal Cain

Introduction: An Enduring Conflict

Rudyard Kipling's "Jubal and Tubal Cain" is a dynamic poem that explores the timeless conflict between artistic expression and practical innovation. The poem establishes a clear dichotomy between Jubal, the singer and dreamer, and Tubal Cain, the builder and maker. Through contrasting imagery and vivid descriptions, Kipling paints a portrait of a world driven by the tension between these two forces. The poem maintains a tone of resigned observation, acknowledging the inevitability of their conflict while highlighting the consequences of their perpetual disagreement.

The Dual Nature of Progress

One of the central themes in the poem is the dual nature of progress. Jubal represents the arts, culture, and a vision of a better world, often expressed through song and idealized concepts. The first stanza, for example, depicts Jubal singing of "the Wrath of God," while Tubal Cain focuses on practical solutions like "scrabbl[ing] the earth for corn." Similarly, Jubal sings of love, while Tubal finds a way to overcome physical obstacles and "pass to the further side." This shows that progress can be both intellectual and physical, but also points to a fundamental tension between these two approaches. The poem suggests that both are vital for human advancement but are perpetually at odds.

Innovation Versus Idealism

The poem powerfully illustrates the tension between innovation and idealism, particularly in the context of societal development. Jubal sings of peace and the end of wars, representing an idealistic vision for the future. However, Tubal Cain actively "fashioned the hand-flung spears," providing the means for conflict and defense, but also enabling his neighbors "peace." This juxtaposition reveals a complex reality: innovation, while often intended to improve life, can also be used for destructive purposes. Kipling doesn't necessarily condemn Tubal's actions but highlights the ethical dilemma inherent in technological advancement. This reveals the double edge sword of innovation.

Symbolism of Song and Creation

The poem makes strong use of symbolism, with "song" and "creation" serving as recurring motifs. Jubal's songs symbolize hope, dreams, and a yearning for a better world. They represent abstract ideas and emotional expressions. Tubal Cain's creations, on the other hand, symbolize practical solutions and tangible progress. His actions are directly related to manipulating the physical world and creating tools. The poem's vivid imagery of the "pointed rod," "fallen tree," and "hand-flung spears" emphasizes Tubal's hands-on approach. The repeated contrast between Jubal's singing and Tubal's building reinforces the fundamental difference in their approaches to life and progress.

A Feud Without End

Kipling uses the powerful image of a "feud avowed" to describe the relationship between Jubal and Tubal Cain. The phrase “Roaring and loud is the feud avowed ‘Twix’ Jubal and Tubal Cain!” suggests that their conflict is not a hidden or passive one, but an open and undeniable struggle. The consistent mention of their disagreement emphasizes the continuous and unresolved nature of their opposing viewpoints. The phrase "Wherever they be they can never agree" implies that this conflict is an intrinsic part of human nature and will persist regardless of circumstance. The poem leaves the reader with a sense of inevitable tension, suggesting that the friction between artistic vision and practical application is a permanent feature of human existence.

Conclusion: An Everlasting Dichotomy

"Jubal and Tubal Cain" offers a nuanced exploration of the enduring tension between artistic vision and practical innovation. Through vivid imagery, contrasting characters, and a resigned tone, Kipling suggests that this conflict is not merely a historical phenomenon, but a fundamental aspect of human progress. The poem’s lasting significance lies in its recognition of the inherent challenges and opportunities presented by the perpetual disagreement between those who dream and those who build. It’s a reminder that true advancement requires a delicate balance between imagination and practical application, even if that balance is never fully achieved.