Poem Analysis - Scorn Not The Sonnet

A Defense of the Sonnet

William Wordsworth's "Scorn Not The Sonnet" is a passionate defense of the sonnet form against its critics. The poem begins with a tone of gentle rebuke, almost pleading, and then shifts into a celebratory and powerful affirmation of the sonnet's enduring value. Wordsworth uses a series of historical and literary allusions to highlight the sonnet's versatility and its ability to express a wide range of human emotions. The poem culminates in a feeling of awe and respect for the sonnet's potential.

Honoring Literary Ancestors

Wordsworth's poem serves as a direct response to critics who dismissed the sonnet as a restrictive or outdated form. He counters this criticism by invoking a lineage of great poets who embraced the sonnet. By referencing Shakespeare, Petrarch, Tasso, Camöens, Dante, Spenser, and Milton, Wordsworth emphasizes the sonnet's historical significance and demonstrates that it has been a vehicle for profound expression throughout literary history. These allusions function as persuasive arguments, demonstrating the sonnet's pedigree.

The Sonnet as a Vessel for Emotion

A central theme in "Scorn Not The Sonnet" is the sonnet's capacity to contain and express intense emotions. The poem emphasizes the varied emotional landscapes the sonnet can traverse. For example, Wordsworth mentions how the sonnet "gave ease to Petrarch's wound," highlighting its capacity to alleviate suffering. Conversely, the sonnet "glittered a gay myrtle leaf" amidst the darkness of Dante's vision, suggesting its ability to provide moments of joy and beauty even in somber contexts. Finally, he describes how Milton transformed the sonnet into a "trumpet," capable of producing "soul-animating strains," illustrating its power to inspire and uplift.

Symbolism of Light and Sound

Wordsworth employs potent imagery of light and sound to represent the sonnet's transformative power. The "glow-worm lamp" that cheered Spenser suggests the sonnet's ability to offer illumination and guidance during difficult times. This image contrasts with the "damp" surrounding Milton's path, further emphasizing the sonnet's role as a source of light. The sonnet's sound is equally important, shifting from a "small lute" to a "pipe" and ultimately to a "trumpet." This progression signifies the sonnet's ability to express both delicate emotions and powerful pronouncements. The contrast between the intimate lute and the commanding trumpet showcases the sonnet's surprising versatility.

A Lasting Tribute

"Scorn Not The Sonnet" is more than just a defense of a poetic form; it is a celebration of poetry itself. Wordsworth uses vivid imagery, historical allusions, and shifts in tone to convey the sonnet's enduring value and its capacity to express a wide range of human emotions. Ultimately, the poem stands as a testament to the power of art to comfort, inspire, and transform, leaving the reader with a renewed appreciation for the sonnet's potential and the rich tradition it represents.