Lord Byron

Napoleon’s Farewell

From The French

Napoleon’s Farewell - context Summary

Composed After Napoleon's Abdication

Written as an ode on Napoleon’s 1814 abdication and exile to Elba, Byron’s "Napoleon’s Farewell" frames the fallen leader’s departure as a dignified, elegiac exit from power. Published in 1816 within Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, the poem balances pride and pity, mourning France’s decline while urging future liberty. Byron presents Napoleon as both conqueror and captive, a figure whose fortunes mirrored the poet’s own ambitions and inner conflicts.

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I. Farewell to the Land where the gloom of my Glory Arose and o’ershadow’d the earth with her name– She abandons me now–but the page of her story, The brightest or blackest, is fill’d with my fame. I have warr’d with a world which vanquish’d me only When the meteor of conquest allured me too far; I have coped with the nations which dread me thus lonely, The last single Captive to millions in war. II. Farewell to thee, France! when thy diadem crown’d me, I made thee the gem and the wonder of earth, But thy weakness decrees I should leave as I found thee, Decay’d in thy glory, and sunk in thy worth. Oh! for the veteran hearts that were wasted In strife with the storm, when their battles were won Then the Eagle, whose gaze in that moment was lasted, Had still soar’d with eyes fix’d on victory’s sun! III. Farewell to thee, France!–but when Liberty rallies Once more in thy regions, remember me then, The violet still grows in the depth of thy valleys; Though wither’d, thy tear will unfold it Yet, yet, I may baffle the hosts that sur­round us, And yet may thy heart leap awake to my voice There are links which must break in the chain that has bound us, Then turn thee and call on the Chief of thy choice!

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