Poem Analysis - Garfield

Initial Impression and Tone

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's poem Garfield presents a reflective and contemplative tone, exploring themes of martyrdom, faith, and the afterlife. The poem begins with a sense of awe and reverence, as the speaker recounts hearing words of peace from a martyr in Paradise. The mood shifts to a more introspective and somber tone as the speaker considers the pain and suffering that precede this peace. The final lines return to a tone of hope and consolation, emphasizing the ultimate reward of martyrdom.

Themes of Martyrdom and Faith

The central theme of the poem is martyrdom, specifically the idea of dying bravely in the true faith. The martyr's words, I came from martyrdom unto this peace, encapsulate the belief that suffering and sacrifice in this life lead to eternal peace in the afterlife. This theme is developed through the imagery of the celestial cross, which symbolizes the martyr's sacrifice and the protection it offers. The souls magnanimous, that knew not fear, are depicted as jewels on this cross, highlighting their bravery and purity. The poem suggests that the discipline of pain is made bearable by the promise of infinite rest and release, reinforcing the theme of faith in the face of suffering.

Imagery of Light and Darkness

The poem employs vivid imagery of light and darkness to contrast the suffering of life with the peace of the afterlife. The celestial cross is described as spreading its protecting arms athwart the skies, creating a visual image of divine protection and guidance. The souls on the cross are likened to jewels crystal clear, flashing their effulgence on the speaker's dazzled eyes, emphasizing their radiant purity and the light they bring. In contrast, the discipline of pain is described as dark, highlighting the struggle and darkness of earthly suffering. This imagery underscores the theme of the ultimate triumph of light over darkness, faith over despair.

The Consolation of Martyrdom

The poem concludes with a reflection on the consolation that martyrdom brings. The speaker acknowledges that the suffering of martyrdom is made bearable by the knowledge of the peace that follows. The repetition of the martyr's words, I came from martyrdom unto this peace, serves as a reminder and a source of strength for those facing their own trials. This theme of consolation is reinforced by the final lines, which emphasize the eternal rest and release that await those who endure their suffering with faith. The poem suggests that the ultimate significance of martyrdom lies in the peace and consolation it brings, both to the martyr and to those who hear their story.