Poem Analysis - Tales Of A Wayside Inn Part 3 The Spanish Jews Second Tale Scanderbeg

Overview of the Poem

The poem "Scanderbeg" from Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's "Tales Of A Wayside Inn" is a narrative that recounts the strategic and cunning return of Iskander (also known as Scanderbeg) to his homeland. The tone is dramatic and heroic, with a shift from the chaos of battle to the calculated actions of Iskander. The poem captures the essence of power, strategy, and the inevitability of fate, all wrapped in the historical context of medieval conflicts.

Historical and Authorial Context

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, a prominent American poet, often drew from historical and mythical sources for his works. "Scanderbeg" is no exception, as it is based on the life of George Castriot, a 15th-century Albanian hero who successfully resisted Ottoman rule. Longfellow's interest in historical figures and events reflects his broader literary themes of heroism, destiny, and the struggle for freedom. The poem is part of a larger collection, "Tales Of A Wayside Inn," which features various narratives told by different characters, adding a layer of storytelling within storytelling.

Themes: Power and Strategy

The poem explores the theme of power and strategy through the character of Iskander. His actions, from the battlefield to his return to Croia, are meticulously planned and executed. The imagery of the "battle fought and won" and the "darkness of the night" sets the stage for Iskander's strategic maneuvers. His ability to turn the tide of battle and his subsequent actions, such as binding the Scribe and commanding the surrender of Croia, highlight his mastery over both physical and psychological warfare. The phrase "this is the time to laugh" underscores his confidence and control over the situation, emphasizing his strategic genius.

Themes: Fate and Destiny

The theme of fate and destiny is woven throughout the poem. Iskander's actions are presented as part of a larger, inevitable plan. The repeated references to "the decree of the watchers overhead" and "the will divine" suggest that Iskander's victories are not merely the result of his own efforts but are part of a grander, predestined scheme. This theme is reinforced by the Scribe's acknowledgment that "Allah is just and great" and the Pasha's acceptance of the "will divine," indicating that resistance to fate is futile. The poem thus explores the idea that individual actions are part of a larger, unchangeable destiny.

Themes: Heroism and Leadership

The poem also delves into the theme of heroism and leadership through the character of Iskander. His actions are not just strategic but also heroic, as he fights for his homeland and his people. The imagery of the "Black Eagle with double head" and the "loud, exultant cry" of the people highlights his status as a hero and a leader. The phrase "Long live Scanderbeg!" underscores his role as a symbol of hope and resistance against oppression. Iskander's leadership is not just about military prowess but also about inspiring and uniting his people, making him a true hero in the eyes of his followers.

Symbolism and Imagery

The poem is rich in symbolism and vivid imagery. The "battle fought and won" and the "darkness of the night" symbolize the chaos and uncertainty of war, contrasted with the clarity and control of Iskander's actions. The "signet ring" and the "writing sealed with thy ring" represent authority and legitimacy, emphasizing Iskander's rightful claim to power. The "Black Eagle with double head" is a powerful symbol of Iskander's leadership and the unity he brings to his people. The "morning star" and the "gleam of the morn" symbolize hope and the dawn of a new era under Iskander's leadership. The "crescent banner" falling and the "Black Eagle" flying symbolize the end of Ottoman rule and the beginning of a new, independent era for the Albanians.

Conclusion

The poem "Scanderbeg" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow is a compelling narrative that explores themes of power, strategy, fate, and heroism. Through vivid imagery and symbolism, Longfellow paints a picture of a cunning and heroic leader who navigates the complexities of war and politics to reclaim his homeland. The poem's significance lies in its portrayal of Iskander as a symbol of resistance and hope, embodying the struggle for freedom and the inevitability of destiny. The strategic maneuvers and the acceptance of fate highlight the dual nature of human agency and divine will, making "Scanderbeg" a timeless tale of heroism and leadership.